These effects result from the gas dissolving in the mucous membranes and saliva, forming a weak solution of carbonic acid. When inhaled at concentrations much higher than usual atmospheric levels, it can produce a sour taste in the mouth and a stinging sensation in the nose and throat. In its solid state, carbon dioxide is commonly called dry ice.įor more details on this topic, see Carbon dioxide (data page).Carbon dioxide is a colorless, odorless gas. Inorganic carbon dioxide is output by volcanoes and other geothermal processes such as hot springs.Ĭarbon dioxide is an important greenhouse gas because it transmits visible light but absorbs strongly in the infrared.Ĭarbon dioxide has no liquid state at pressures below 5.1 atm, but is a solid at temperatures below -78 ☌. Carbon dioxide is generated as a byproduct of the combustion of fossil fuels or vegetable matter, among other chemical processes. It is, therefore, a major component of the carbon cycle. Ĭarbon dioxide is produced by all animals, plants, fungi and microorganisms during respiration and is used by plants during photosynthesis to make sugars which may either be consumed again in respiration or used as the raw material for plant growth. Carbon dioxide's chemical formula is CO 2. It is currently at a globally averaged concentration of approximately 383 ppm by volume in the Earth's atmosphere, although this varies both by location and time. It is a gas at standard temperature and pressure and exists in Earth's atmosphere in this state. All rights reserved.Carbonic acid gas carbonic anhydride dry ice (solid)Ĭarbon monoxide carbon suboxide dicarbon monoxide carbon trioxideĮxcept where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 ☌, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and referencesĬarbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom. On behalf of the United States of America. Shall not be liable for any damage that may result fromįor NIST Standard Reference Data products. However, NIST makes no warranties to that effect, and NIST Uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of theĭatabase and to verify that the data contained therein haveīeen selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Data from NIST Standard Reference Database 69:.Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, ReferencesĮnthalpy of reaction at standard conditions Kinetics and technological conditions for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate,Ĭhem. Structural effects on rates and equilibria. Determination of the enthalpies of hydrolysis of some polyoxygenated hydrocarbons, Ī microprocessor-controlled system for precise measurement of temperature changes. Go To: Top, Reaction thermochemistry data, Notes Reaction search pages in place of the enumerated reactionīy formula: C 5H 12O 4 + H 2O = C 3H 6O 3 + 2 CH 4O Quantityīy formula: C 4H 6O 3 + 2 CH 4O = C 3H 8O 2 + C 3H 6O 3 Quantity Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the U.S.A.ĭata compiled by: Hussein Y. Your institution may already be a subscriber.įollow the links above to find out more about the dataīy the U.S. With the development of data collections included in The purpose of the fee is to recover costs associated NIST subscription sites provide data under theĭata Program, but require an annual fee to access. NIST / TRC Web Thermo Tables, professional edition (thermophysical and thermochemical data).X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy Database, version 4.1.Use this link for bookmarking this species This structure is also available as a 2d Mol file IUPAC Standard InChIKey: IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copy.
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